Delegate guide

IMPORTANT NOTICE: This document is currently being developed by the MUN Saint-Dominique team and is subject to changes. The information contained herein may be updated, modified, or expanded as preparations for the conference continue. Please check regularly for the most recent version of this guide.

Welcome to Model Un

Model United Nations (MUN) is a simulation of the real United Nations, where participants, called delegates, represent different countries within simulated UN committees. The goal is to debate global issues, negotiate with other delegates, and draft resolutions aimed at solving these problems while adhering to the foreign policy of the country they represent.

Objectives of MUN

Participating in MUN helps delegates develop essential skills such as research, writing, public speaking, and negotiation. It also provides a deeper understanding of international relations and diplomacy. Delegates will gain insight into how the United Nations functions and enhance their ability to think critically and solve complex global issues.

Preparation

Researching Your Assigned Country

Before attending the conference, delegates must thoroughly research their assigned country’s background. This includes understanding its geography, demographics, economy, and political system. Delegates should also be aware of their country’s international relations, alliances, and past positions on key global issues.

Researching the Topics of Debate

It is crucial for delegates to understand the topic assigned to their committee. They should explore its definition, historical context, and the current situation. Researching the involvement of key stakeholders such as countries, NGOs, and international organizations will help delegates form informed arguments. Studying past UN resolutions and international agreements will also provide insight into previous efforts to address the issue.

Preparing Documents

Delegates must prepare a Position Paper, which is a brief document summarizing their country’s stance on the issue. It should outline the country’s history with the topic, its current position, and proposed solutions. In addition, delegates should prepare debate points and draft potential clauses for resolutions to present during committee discussions.

Procedures

MUN committees follow structured debate formats to maintain order and efficiency. Understanding these procedures is essential for effective participation.

Committee Structure

Each committee is led by a Chair, who directs debates and ensures that the rules of procedure are followed. A Vice-Chair assists the Chair and may take over their duties if needed. Delegates represent different countries and actively participate in discussions. Pages facilitate communication between delegates during formal debates.

Types of Debate

1. Formal Debate: A structured debate where delegates deliver prepared speeches in a set order determined by a speakers’ list.
2. Moderated Caucus: A more flexible debate format where delegates discuss the issue under the guidance of the Chair. Speaking time is limited, and delegates must remain on topic.
3. Unmoderated Caucus: An informal discussion where delegates move freely and negotiate resolutions directly with other participants.

Flow of a Committee Session

1. Roll Call: The Chair calls on each country to confirm attendance.
2. Setting the Agenda: Delegates vote on the order in which topics will be discussed.
3. General Debate: Each country presents its position on the topic.
4. Informal Debate: Delegates engage in negotiations and draft resolutions.
5. Resolution Presentations: Sponsors introduce their draft resolutions to the committee.
6. Amendments: Delegates propose changes to resolutions to improve their effectiveness.
7. Voting Procedure: The committee votes on whether to pass the final resolution.

Common Motions and Points

• Motion to Open the Session: Used to begin formal committee proceedings.
• Motion for a Moderated Caucus: Requests a shift to structured discussion with limited speaking time.
• Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus: Allows for free discussion among delegates.
• Motion to Introduce a Resolution or Amendment: Proposes a draft resolution or a change to an existing resolution.
• Motion to Move to Voting Procedure: Ends debate and initiates voting.
• Motion to Close the Session: Ends the committee session.
• Point of Personal Privilege: Used when a delegate cannot hear the speaker or requires a personal comfort adjustment.
• Point of Order: Raised when a delegate believes parliamentary procedure has been violated.
• Point of Information: A question directed at the speaker about their speech or proposal.

Document Drafting

Position Papers

A position paper should be one to two pages long and include the following sections:

• Header: Country name, committee name, and topic.
• Introduction: A brief overview of the issue.
• Country’s Position: The country’s stance on the topic and previous actions taken.
• Proposed Solutions: Possible solutions that align with the country’s policies.
• Conclusion: A summary of key points.

Resolutions

A resolution is a formal document that outlines the committee’s proposed solutions to an issue. It consists of:

• Header: Includes the committee name, topic, sponsor countries, and signatories.
• Preambulatory Clauses: Statements that acknowledge the issue and reference past UN actions.
• Operative Clauses: Detailed proposals for addressing the issue.

Example:

• Preambulatory Clause: Recalling Security Council resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace, and security,
• Operative Clause: Decides to create a special working group responsible for coordinating humanitarian efforts in the region;

Behavior & Diplomacy

Dress Code

Delegates are required to wear professional attire similar to what is expected at an official diplomatic event.

• Men: A suit or dress pants with a shirt and tie.
• Women: A professional dress, suit, or equivalent formal outfit.
• Casual clothing such as jeans, sneakers, and t-shirts is not permitted

Conduct Rules

• Always refer to yourself in the third person (e.g., “The delegate of France would like to…”).
• Raise your placard to be recognized by the Chair before speaking.
• Respect time limits for speeches.
• Listen attentively to other delegates and avoid interruptions.
• Remain diplomatic and avoid personal attacks.
• Keep electronic devices silent during committee sessions.

Tips for Beginners

• Do not be afraid to speak—any contribution is better than staying silent.
• Prepare key points for speeches in advance.
• Form alliances with countries that share similar positions.
• Ask questions if you are uncertain—the Chairs are there to help.
• Engage in informal debates to negotiate effectively.
• Take notes to track important arguments and proposals.
• Stay hydrated and rested, as sessions can be long and intense.

Conference Schedule

Resources

Useful Research Websites

• United Nations: http://www.un.org
• UN Cyber School Bus: http://cyberschoolbus.un.org
• CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov
• The Economist: http://www.economist.com